特发性肺纤维化急性加重期证候与血清生物标志物的相关性研究＊

目的 通过分析特发性肺纤维化急性加重期（AE-IPF）患者证候与血清生物标志物的关系，为中医辨证治疗提供参考。方法 采用观察性研究设计，收集2019年3月至2019年11月三个中心的AE-IPF患者76例，其中痰热壅肺证26例、痰浊阻肺证50例，并纳入健康志愿者10例作为对照。采用ELISA测定患者血清CCL18、HMGB1、KL-6、MMP-7、SP-A和SP-D水平，分析与中医证候的相关性。结果 AE-IPF患者血清CCL18、HMGB1、KL-6、MMP-7、SP-A和SP-D水平均显著高于健康对照组。血清CCL18、HMGB1、KL-6、MMP-7和SP-D水平在痰热壅肺证和痰浊阻肺证患者间无显著性差异（P＞0.05），而血清SP-A水平存在显著性差异（P＜0.05）。结论 血清SP-A与AE-IPF证候存在一定的相关性，血清SP-A的浓度升高，与痰热壅肺证关系越密切，反之，血清SP-A浓度降低，则与痰浊阻肺证关系越密切。AE-IPF痰热壅肺证患者的预后可能较痰浊阻肺证患者更差。     

冠心康方加减联合西药治疗冠心病合并2型糖尿病气虚痰瘀证疗效研究

目的:探讨冠心康方加减联合西药治疗冠心病合并2型糖尿病气虚痰瘀证的疗效。方法:选择冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者98例,按随机数字表法分为对照组47例和观察组51例。对照组给予西医常规治疗措施; 观察组在对照组治疗基础上加用冠心康方加减治疗,1剂/次,2 次/d。连续治疗6个月后,比较两组血糖血脂水平、中医证候评分、脉搏波传导速度(PWV)以及临床疗效。结果:治疗后,观察组的空腹血糖(6.71±1.04)mmol/L、餐后2 h血糖为(10.63±1.94)mmol/L、HbA1c(7.13±0.97)%、TG(2.50±0.40)mmol/L,TC(3.94±0.55)mmol/L均低于对照组[(6.89±1.13)mmol/L、(10.93±2.03)mmol/L、(7.22±1.25)%、(2.53±0.36)mmol/L、(4.01±0.53)mmol/L],两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后观察组HDL-C(1.23±0.22)mmol/L 与对照组(1.19±0.21)mmol/L比较上升,而观察组LDL-C(2.61±0.34)mmol/L比对照组(2.67±0.37)mmol/L下降,组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,观察组患者中医证候评分(1.76±0.27)分及BS-PWV(5.90±0.64)m/s、ES-PWV(7.59±0.94)m/s均明显低于对照组的[(2.13±0.31)分、(6.41±0.77)m/s、(8.43±1.31)m/s](P<0.05)。观察组和对照组的总有效率分别为70.59%和59.57%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:冠心康方加减联合西药治疗冠心病合并2型糖尿病气虚痰瘀证可有效改善患者的血糖、血脂、中医证候以及动脉硬化,提高临床疗效。     

Cost–Utility Analysis of Pembrolizumab Versus Chemotherapy as First-Line Treatment for Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer With Different PD-L1 Expression Levels

To evaluate the cost–utility of pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy as the first-line setting for metastatic nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from the US health care system perspective, a Markov model was developed to compare the lifetime cost and effectiveness of pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy for untreated metastatic NSCLC, based on the clinical data derived from phase III randomized controlled trial (KEYNOTE- 042; ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT02220894). Weibull distribution was fitted to simulate the parametric survival functions. Drug costs were collected from official websites, and utility values were obtained from published literature. Total costs, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were computed as primary output indicators. The impact of different PD-L1 expression levels on ICER was also evaluated. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the model uncertainty. Compared with chemotherapy, patients treated with pembrolizumab provided an additional 1.13, 1.01, and 0.59 QALYs in patients with PD-L1 expression levels of ≥50%, ≥20%, and ≥1%, with corresponding incremental cost of $53,784, $47,479, and $39,827, respectively. The resultant ICERs of pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy were $47,596, $47,184, and $68,061/QALY, in three expression levels of PD-L1, respectively, all of which did not exceed the WTP threshold of 180,000/QALY. Probability sensitivity analysis outcome supported that pembrolizumab exhibited evident advantage over chemotherapy to be cost-effective. One-way sensitivity analysis found that ICERs were most sensitive to utility value of pembrolizumab in progression survival state. All the adjustment of parameters did not qualitatively change the result. For treatment-naive, metastatic NSCLC patients with PD-L1+, pembrolizumab was estimated to be cost-effective compared with chemotherapy for all PD-L1 expression levels at a WTP threshold of $180,000/QALY in the context of the US health care system.     

谷氨酸受体在左旋多巴诱导的异动症中的相关研究进展

在帕金森病(PD)患者中,长期使用左旋多巴而诱导的异动症(LID)显著影响着左旋多巴的疗效及患者的生活质量,现有的应对方案效果也均不甚理想,其原因与LID的机制目前尚未完全阐明密切相关。近年来越来越多的研究证实,谷氨酸能系统与多巴胺能系统紧密关联,谷氨酸受体在LID中的作用也日益凸显,特别是代谢型谷氨酸受体(mGluR)4、mGluR5以及部分离子型谷氨酸受体(iGluRs)在LID的机制研究和临床药物研究中更是关注热点。笔者现对各类谷氨酸受体在LID中的变化、作用以及相关的临床研究进展进行综述,以期为PD患者中LID的诊治和机制阐明提供新思路。     

组织细胞吞噬性脂膜炎一例

1例主诉为"反复皮疹2个月、发热1个月余"的患儿就诊于深圳市儿童医院,曾被误诊为"结节性脂膜炎",经过基因及病理检查修正诊断为组织细胞吞噬性脂膜炎。本病是一种罕见的特殊类型脂膜炎,易继发噬血细胞综合征,临床上误诊率及病死率极高。     

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with psoriasis: a cross-sectional study in Singapore

INTRODUCTIONPsoriasis is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the skin and joints, and is associated with cardiovascular risk factors, including metabolic syndrome (MetS). We aimed to assess the prevalence of MetS in patients with psoriasis and determine whether there was a correlation between psoriasis severity and MetS in a Singapore population.METHODSThis was a cross-sectional study of patients with psoriasis, aged 18–69 years, who attended a tertiary dermatology referral centre in Singapore from October 2007 to February 2009. Fasting glucose, lipids, blood pressure, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index, and body mass index were measured. MetS was diagnosed in the presence of three or more criteria of the modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III.RESULTSAmong 338 patients with psoriasis, there were 238 (70.4%) men and 100 (29.6%) women, who were Chinese (n = 228; 67.5%), Malay (n = 52; 15.4%) and Indian (n = 58; 17.2%). The prevalence of MetS was 45.1%. MetS was 44% more prevalent in patients older than 50 years (p = 0.02). Malay patients with psoriasis were significantly more likely to have hypertriglyceridaemia, elevated fasting plasma glucose and abdominal obesity. There was no significant correlation between psoriasis severity and risk of MetS.CONCLUSIONThe prevalence of MetS in patients with psoriasis in Singapore was 45.1%, or nearly threefold higher than the Singapore general population. Patients with psoriasis should be screened yearly for MetS and any modifiable cardiovascular risk factors should be actively controlled.     

MIR-140-5p affects chondrocyte proliferation,apoptosis, and inflammation by targeting HMGB1 in osteoarthritis

Inflammation Research - This study aimed to test the expression and biological function of miR-140-5p in osteoarthritis (OA), and identify its target gene and explore its mechanism in OA....